Modifying the environment to reduce the risk of falls

Research from the Dementia Services Development Centre at the University of Stirling shows that falls can be reduced by up to 70 per cent by considering dementia friendly design. As an occupational therapist, I would argue that dementia friendly design is actually inclusive design and benefits the majority of residents regardless of their diagnoses and abilities. 

Traditionally, falls prevention has incorporated specific, tailored exercises aimed at improving strength, balance and mobility as a substantial part of an individual’s treatment. However, where residents are unable or unwilling to follow an exercise programme, it is necessary to look at the environment in order to reduce their risk of falling. An inclusive environment should consider elements such as colour contrast and lighting, signage, fixtures and fittings, the height of furniture, orientation and flooring.1

As we get older our ability to see deteriorates. According to the Thomas Pocklington Trust, one in five people aged 75 years and one in two aged 90 years or over, are visually impaired. Older people lose their ability to see low contrast and detail and to judge distances and depth. It also states that a 60 year old needs three times as much light as a 20 year old and a 75 year old needs four times as much light. Improving lighting on its own can reduce the risk of falls by up to 40 per cent.